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Application Note Determination of Na and K using Emulsions and Microemulsions for Sample Preparation Return to All Applications AA Perkin. (1996). Analytical Methods for Atomic Absorptions Spectroscopy. page 30. Strassner, J.E. 1968. Effect of pH on Interfacial Films and Stability of Crude Oil-Water Emulsions. J Pet Technol20 (3): 303-312. SPE-1939-PA. This technique allows use of aqueous standards for calibration rather than relatively unstable organometallic standards and harmful solvents for the extraction. Microemulsions are thermodynamically stable systems composed of water, oil and surfactant. In some cases, an alcohol is added as a co-surfactant. Procedure To prepare a microemulsion of biodiesel or vegetable oil, a sample is first mixed with a surfactant such as Triton X-100 and a surfactant such as propanol, n-butanol or n-pentanol and dilute nitric acid. The emulsion is obtained when a single transparent phase is formed. The composition of the emulsion is 56.7% alcohol, 20% biodiesel or vegetable oil, 14.4% of Triton X-100 and 8% water given as w/w percentages. Due to Sodium plating out onto glassware, polypropylene glassware should be used to avoid misreading’s of sodium. The microemulsion is prepared in 5ml volumetric flasks. To make up a 5ml solution of microemulsion 1ml biodiesel or vegetable oil is added to a mixture of 0.7ml Triton X-100 and 2.83ml propanol with 0.45ml dilute nitric acid and mixed until a single transparent phase was formed. It is important to note that a concentration of Nitric acid is not given in this method as dilute nitric acid comes from retailers at different concentration levels. Anything between 5-10% is considered dilute nitric acid. It is only added to support emulsion formation and as long as a consistent concentration is used throughout the method, the impact of using 5% nitric in comparison to 10% nitric was negligible. For the calibration standards, 20% (w/w) of base oil was used in the microemulsion to simulate the biodiesel or vegetable oil phase. The standards were prepared from a NaCl or KCl stock solution in the aqueous phase to give a final concentration range of 0.0 - 4.0mgl-1 in 5ml over 5 standards (0, 1, 2, 3 and 4 mg/l-1 respectively). If desired, a blank solution made up of the emulsion can be prepared and ran as a blank prior to calibration to reduce interference from the sample matrix. The LOD (limit of detection) cited for this method, for measurement of sodium and potassium was 0.1μg g-1 and 0.06μg g-1 respectively, as compared to the reference method (BS EN 14108) 0.2μg g-1 for sodium and 0.13μg g-1 for potassium (BS EN 14109). The LOQ (limit of quantitation) for this method is given as 0.3 μg g-1 and 0.2 μg g-1 respectively and 0.6 μg g-1 for sodium and 0.4 μg g-1 for potassium for the BS methods. Due to low pH values having an influence on sodium emission levels, where by emission is reduced. [2] However due to the solution being based on an emulsion, any attempt to increase pH would reduce the oil-water emulsions stability. To counteract this, it is recommended to dose an equivalent proportion of nitric acid into your standards that was added to the sample. Return to All Applications

Application Note Measurement of Sodium and Potassium in Silicate Rocks Return to All Applications Gavindaraju, K. ‘Rapid Flame Photometric Determination of Sodium and Potassium in Silicate Rocks’, Appl.Spectroscopy, 20 (1966), p.302-304. This method for the measurement of sodium and potassium in silicate rocks uses a borate fusion technique. The sample is fused with a suitable fusion agent such as boric acid (H3BO3) and lithium carbonate (Li2CO3) and the ground product is dissolved in dilute citric acid. The presence of other metals such as aluminium, calcium, iron, magnesium and silicon should not interfere with the measurement of sodium or potassium using this method. Procedure Fusion Agent The prefusion mixture is prepared by mixing and grinding together 200g H3BO3, 60g of Li2CO3, 30g of SrCO3 and 10g of Cobalt (II,III) oxide. This method utilises the breakdown of Cobalt (II,III) Oxide at 950 degrees centigrade to form Cobalt (II) Oxide, thus it is imperative that the oven is able to hit this temperature for the analysis. Sample preparation The sample is prepared by mixing 200mg of the ground rock powder with 4g of fusion agent. The fusion is carried out at 960ºC in a graphite crucible over a 3-hour period. The sample is then removed from the oven and allowed to cool to handling temperatures. The pellet is then removed from the base of the crucible and ground using a mortar and pestle into a fine powder. Method 1 A 500mg sample of the powdered fusion product is dissolved in 25ml of 10% HNO3. After filtering the precipitated SiO2 using a medium grade filter paper, the solution is diluted to 50ml using distilled water. In some cases, a second filtration step may be required prior to dilution. Method 2 A 500mg sample of the powdered fusion product is added to 25mls of 2.5% citric acid and heated to 90ºC. The fusion product should completely dissolve, apart from residual carbon-based powder from the crucible, which is filtered off using a medium grade filter paper. The filtrate is transferred to a 50ml volumetric flask and made up to volume. The solutions are then analysed using standards prepared from a similar solution (10% HNO3 + H2O or 2.5% citric acid + H2O). If more in depth analysis is required for the analysis, the standards can be matched to the sample matrix by forming a blank solution. This entails that the pellet formed in the crucible must be formed without the addition of the sample, then carried through the process as the sample had been, then utilising the “blank” option when calibrating the BWB-Tech flame photometer. Return to All Applications

Thanks for Requesting a White Paper The BWB Guide to Flame Photometry You will automatically receive an email from us shortly, with document attached. Wondering What Makes BWB Flame Photometers Unique? To offer even further accuracy the majority of instruments across our model range enable up to 10 point calibration curves to be generated per element. This results in a highly accurate method of analysis given that most elements do not have a linear emission spectra, although this is certainly the claim from other manufacturers. Advanced Calibration Hover for more Highly accurate calibration curves can be generated with up to 10 points of calibration per element. Multi-Ion and Multi-Point standards can be used to further expedite your time to analysis. Our range of instruments are all derived from our award winning and best-selling base platform, the XP model. Our five element simultaneous detection system is revolutionary, enabling you to easily calibrate and analyse all five elements at the same time without changing filters. Simultaneous Detection & Display Hover for more Our simultaneous detection and display of all 5 elements drastically speeds up the sample throughput time and prevents operators from constant recalibration procedures. 'One of our top priorities is accessibility and convenience, for all of our international clients. That is why we have a minimalist interface with intuitive controls, and no complicated buttons or dials. Our keypads and FLASH capacitive touch displays were designed by user ergonomic experts, to help us provide the smoothest user experience. Intuitive Interface Hover for more 'With thousands of instruments in use around the world, ensuring accessibility for all is important to us. The BWB range offers easy to use LCD driven user prompts to help you have the best experience with your instrument. 'The BWB range of instruments incorporate a service and oil free compressor built into the system. Our design saves valuable lab space, and removes the issues that old, noisy, leak-prone oil compressors create. This drastically reduces interference and allows a strict control of air flow and known pressures, resulting in stable flame conditions and exceptional quality of result determination. Built-In Air Compressor Hover for more 'Our systems all have a service and oil free compressor, to prevent interferences, noise and footprint. 'Our PC software, included with every instrument, supports further work with your data. The reporting feature generates CSV and PDF reports for your analysed samples and calibration curves can be downloaded from the instrument and saved for later recall. Free PC Software Hover for more 'We offer free PC software that enables the user to create CSV and PDF reports and traceability. We understand that not all labs will have the availability of propane gas ready to use, although propane does offer some of the best results for flame photometry, the instrument can be used with butane or even natural gas without modification. Gas Selection Hover for more A specially developed built in gas regulator enabling the use of Propane, LPG, Butane or Natural Gas (Methane) as standard and with no user modification required. Boasting internal storage for up to 200 results, the instrument surpasses the outdated analogue counterparts that are still prevalent in the market. You can conveniently access the results when needed or easily transfer them to your PC for further use. Internal Results Storage Hover for more Utilise the instrument as a standalone device with no PC requirement. Up to 200 results can be stored within the internal memory. BWB Flame Photometers were designed from the ground up using the newest and most innovative technology to give the user unsurpassed levels of accuracy, usability and reliability; it's able to do all this while still significantly reducing analysis times. We are always improving our products to make sure that we keep ahead of the demanding needs of elemental analysis. Continuous Development Hover for more Our Flame Photometers are designed from the ground up from experts in the field and our continuous development nature ensures that instruments remain at the cutting edge year on year. We supply absolutely everything you'll need to start using our instruments straight out of the box. Calibration standards and basic labware enables the rapid creation of calibration standards. You can be running results within an hour of unboxing. Just Add Gas Hover for more We do not believe in hidden charges and additional accessories. To start using your award winning BWB instrument, all you need to do is 'Just Add Gas!'

An Introduction to BWB Technologies A short webinar about us & our products Please complete the brief form below, to access this video. Thanks for submitting! By submitting this form you agree to our privacy policy and understand that your details will be shared with our authorised distributor for your region. Our privacy policy can be viewed here . Validation error message First name Last name Email Phone Company Country Choose a country How did you hear about us? Google Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Word of mouth Previous user Current user Magasine advert Exhibition Distributor Other Heard of us in a different way? Your current situation Browsing/ General Interest Ready to Purchase Beginning Investigation Current BWB user Evaluating products Please occasionally keep me updated on BWB Technology news. Submit A few details about you Press the red "PLAY" icon to start the video. You can access auto-translated subtitles using the CC button at the bottom of the video.

About BWB Technologies The Flame Photometer Experts What can be achieved with a flame photometer has been redefined by BWB Technologies. On this page you can learn about our products, services and our world-beating service network. Pushing the boundaries of flame photometry With unrivalled accuracy, low cost and ease of use the BWB flame photometer is not only the best flame photometer available but is the first real alternative to AAS (atomic absorption spectrometry) and ICP (induced coupling plasma) for measuring Lithium (Li), Sodium (Na), Potassium (K), Calcium (Ca) & Barium (Ba). BWB Technologies are a UK owned and operated company focused on the design, manufacture and sales of award winning flame photometers. Drawing on an Anglo-American team of leading industry specialists we strive to create high quality, cost effective products that redefine what is achievable with a low temperature flame. From our manufacturing plant in Newbury, England, BWB Technologies have introduced a series of flame photometer products, and accessories, which exceed existing expectations in terms of specification, usability, accuracy, reporting, build quality and value for money. A flame photometer better than ICP and AAS? We were not content to build an instrument that was just better than the other flame photometers - the BWB flame photometer is a cost effective, accurate and reliable alternative to other technologies such as Inductively Coupled Plasma, (ICP) and Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometers (AAS). 80% of our customers already own an AAS or ICP, but choose to measure Lithium, Sodium, Potassium, Calcium and Barium with their BWB flame photometer rather than the more expensive and complex AAS or ICP. Spare parts and consumables - Fast Delivery and Fulfilment BWB hold almost all items in stock for super-fast delivery when our customers need it. While stock levels can fluctuate, under normal circumstances BWB will get the goods to you in 7-10 days. With offices in both the USA and Europe, no matter where you are - you can expect a first class service. BWB deliver your flame photometer as well as accessories and consumables quicker than any of our competitors. International Support Network BWB Technologies are the only flame photometer manufacturer to have dedicated sales and technical support offices in Europe, The Americas and the Middle East. We offer an unsurpassed level of support with a 24/7 support service and real people answering customer calls. BWB - Available to you. A BWB flame photometer is an important and necessary instrument in your laboratory and we pride ourselves on first class customer support. Our telephone service offers a prompt return of call, where you speak to a REAL person! Normally we can answer all questions at the first contact, but if we need to call you back we will try to do so within 24 hours.

Thanks for Contacting Us! We've received your request and will review it shortly. We'll get back to you shortly, but please be aware that it might not be immediate, depending on your location and our availability. We prioritise these requests though so we will be as quick as possible. The Common Key Features of Our Flame Photometers To offer even further accuracy the majority of instruments across our model range enable up to 10 point calibration curves to be generated per element. This results in a highly accurate method of analysis given that most elements do not have a linear emission spectra, although this is certainly the claim from other manufacturers. Advanced Calibration Hover for more Highly accurate calibration curves can be generated with up to 10 points of calibration per element. Multi-Ion and Multi-Point standards can be used to further expedite your time to analysis. Our range of instruments are all derived from our award winning and best-selling base platform, the XP model. Our five element simultaneous detection system is revolutionary, enabling you to easily calibrate and analyse all five elements at the same time without changing filters. Simultaneous Detection & Display Hover for more Our simultaneous detection and display of all 5 elements drastically speeds up the sample throughput time and prevents operators from constant recalibration procedures. 'One of our top priorities is accessibility and convenience, for all of our international clients. That is why we have a minimalist interface with intuitive controls, and no complicated buttons or dials. Our keypads and FLASH capacitive touch displays were designed by user ergonomic experts, to help us provide the smoothest user experience. Intuitive Interface Hover for more 'With thousands of instruments in use around the world, ensuring accessibility for all is important to us. The BWB range offers easy to use LCD driven user prompts to help you have the best experience with your instrument. 'The BWB range of instruments incorporate a service and oil free compressor built into the system. Our design saves valuable lab space, and removes the issues that old, noisy, leak-prone oil compressors create. This drastically reduces interference and allows a strict control of air flow and known pressures, resulting in stable flame conditions and exceptional quality of result determination. Built-In Air Compressor Hover for more 'Our systems all have a service and oil free compressor, to prevent interferences, noise and footprint. 'Our PC software, included with every instrument, supports further work with your data. The reporting feature generates CSV and PDF reports for your analysed samples and calibration curves can be downloaded from the instrument and saved for later recall. Free PC Software Hover for more 'We offer free PC software that enables the user to create CSV and PDF reports and traceability. We understand that not all labs will have the availability of propane gas ready to use, although propane does offer some of the best results for flame photometry, the instrument can be used with butane or even natural gas without modification. Gas Selection Hover for more A specially developed built in gas regulator enabling the use of Propane, LPG, Butane or Natural Gas (Methane) as standard and with no user modification required. Boasting internal storage for up to 200 results, the instrument surpasses the outdated analogue counterparts that are still prevalent in the market. You can conveniently access the results when needed or easily transfer them to your PC for further use. Internal Results Storage Hover for more Utilise the instrument as a standalone device with no PC requirement. Up to 200 results can be stored within the internal memory. BWB Flame Photometers were designed from the ground up using the newest and most innovative technology to give the user unsurpassed levels of accuracy, usability and reliability; it's able to do all this while still significantly reducing analysis times. We are always improving our products to make sure that we keep ahead of the demanding needs of elemental analysis. Continuous Development Hover for more Our Flame Photometers are designed from the ground up from experts in the field and our continuous development nature ensures that instruments remain at the cutting edge year on year. We supply absolutely everything you'll need to start using our instruments straight out of the box. Calibration standards and basic labware enables the rapid creation of calibration standards. You can be running results within an hour of unboxing. Just Add Gas Hover for more We do not believe in hidden charges and additional accessories. To start using your award winning BWB instrument, all you need to do is 'Just Add Gas!'

Application Note Measurement of Sodium and Potassium in Dried Milk Return to All Applications AOAC International, ‘AOAC Official Method 990.23: Sodium and Potassium in Dried Milk’, AOAC International (2008), 33.5.12. Dried milk was dissolved into an aqueous solution for analysis via flame photometry The test solutions and reference solutions are measured directly following dilution with deionised distilled water. Procedure Thoroughly clean and rinse all glassware with deionised distilled water prior to use. It is recommended that polyethylene is used to ensure that sodium does not plate out onto glassware. If glass is only available then sodium determinations must be carried out rapidly to avoid inconsistencies. The sample should be weighed to nearest 1mg; 1.25g of test sample was weighed for analysis. Transfer test sample to 50ml glass beaker and dissolve in approximately 20ml warm deionised water (40º - 50ºC), alternately a steam bath can be used to heat the sample to ensure total dissolution into the solvent. Quantitatively transfer contents of beaker to 500mL volumetric flask, cool to 20ºC and dilute to volume. Mix thoroughly via inversion. Aspirate solutions into flame, beginning with the standard having the lowest concentration. Typically dried whole milk solution contains approximately 10mg/l sodium and 40mg/l potassium. The results will not be reliable if this solution contains insoluble particles. If insoluble particulate matter is present in the sample, filter the sample through Whatman No.40 filter paper. The filter paper should be weighed on an analytical balance prior to filtration, and then the solution filtered and the paper dried in an oven at low temperature then reweighed and the difference calculated between the pre and post filter paper. This should then be accounted for when calculating concentrations by weight. If calcium determination is required, 5ml of 1g/l lanthanum chloride solution was added to negate phosphate interference in the sample. Preparation of Standard Graph Set the flame photometer in accordance to MultiPoint/Single Ion Calibration found on page 24 of the BWB Technologies Installation and Operation Manual, to measure potassium emission. Nebulise the working standard solutions and adjust the controls until steady zero and maximum readings are obtained. Nebulise the intermediate working standard solutions and construct a graph relating raw emission data (known as RAW in BWB the flame photometer) to concentration of all the standard solutions. Return to All Applications

Welcome to BWB Technologies BWB Technologies is a global company with offices in Europe, America and the Middle East. We offer a world-wide, quick-response technical support network and employ real experts in flame photometry to ensure they remain at the cutting edge year on year. We offer a world-wide, quick-response technical support network of flame photometry experts, to give our customers the best, up-to-date service. The Flame Photometer Experts View Products Get a Quote Contact Us Testimonials from Customers "Easy to install, easy to handle, gives accurate measurements." Wolfgang Glock THG-Glock Instruments Germany View All Testimonials Review Us on Google Why Choose Our Flame Photometers? To offer even further accuracy the majority of instruments across our model range enable up to 10 point calibration curves to be generated per element. This results in a highly accurate method of analysis given that most elements do not have a linear emission spectra, although this is certainly the claim from other manufacturers. Advanced Calibration Hover for more Highly accurate calibration curves can be generated with up to 10 points of calibration per element. Multi-Ion and Multi-Point standards can be used to further expedite your time to analysis. Our range of instruments are all derived from our award winning and best-selling base platform, the XP model. Our five element simultaneous detection system is revolutionary, enabling you to easily calibrate and analyse all five elements at the same time without changing filters. Simultaneous Detection & Display Hover for more Our simultaneous detection and display of all 5 elements drastically speeds up the sample throughput time and prevents operators from constant recalibration procedures. 'One of our top priorities is accessibility and convenience, for all of our international clients. That is why we have a minimalist interface with intuitive controls, and no complicated buttons or dials. Our keypads and FLASH capacitive touch displays were designed by user ergonomic experts, to help us provide the smoothest user experience. Intuitive Interface Hover for more 'With thousands of instruments in use around the world, ensuring accessibility for all is important to us. The BWB range offers easy to use LCD driven user prompts to help you have the best experience with your instrument. 'The BWB range of instruments incorporate a service and oil free compressor built into the system. Our design saves valuable lab space, and removes the issues that old, noisy, leak-prone oil compressors create. This drastically reduces interference and allows a strict control of air flow and known pressures, resulting in stable flame conditions and exceptional quality of result determination. Built-In Air Compressor Hover for more 'Our systems all have a service and oil free compressor, to prevent interferences, noise and footprint. 'Our PC software, included with every instrument, supports further work with your data. The reporting feature generates CSV and PDF reports for your analysed samples and calibration curves can be downloaded from the instrument and saved for later recall. Free PC Software Hover for more 'We offer free PC software that enables the user to create CSV and PDF reports and traceability. We understand that not all labs will have the availability of propane gas ready to use, although propane does offer some of the best results for flame photometry, the instrument can be used with butane or even natural gas without modification. Gas Selection Hover for more A specially developed built in gas regulator enabling the use of Propane, LPG, Butane or Natural Gas (Methane) as standard and with no user modification required. Boasting internal storage for up to 200 results, the instrument surpasses the outdated analogue counterparts that are still prevalent in the market. You can conveniently access the results when needed or easily transfer them to your PC for further use. Internal Results Storage Hover for more Utilise the instrument as a standalone device with no PC requirement. Up to 200 results can be stored within the internal memory. BWB Flame Photometers were designed from the ground up using the newest and most innovative technology to give the user unsurpassed levels of accuracy, usability and reliability; it's able to do all this while still significantly reducing analysis times. We are always improving our products to make sure that we keep ahead of the demanding needs of elemental analysis. Continuous Development Hover for more Our Flame Photometers are designed from the ground up from experts in the field and our continuous development nature ensures that instruments remain at the cutting edge year on year. We supply absolutely everything you'll need to start using our instruments straight out of the box. Calibration standards and basic labware enables the rapid creation of calibration standards. You can be running results within an hour of unboxing. Just Add Gas Hover for more We do not believe in hidden charges and additional accessories. To start using your award winning BWB instrument, all you need to do is 'Just Add Gas!' A two minute introduction to BWB Technologies Product Categories Learn More Other manufacturers may be content with a "one size fits all" policy, but we recognise the value of providing tailored solutions, specifically designed for our targeted applications. Flame Photometers Learn More Truly automate flame photometry analysis with our Automated Fluid Handling System (AFHS) products - auto sampler, auto diluter and printer. Save time, increase productivity, automate analysis and improve reproducibility & accuracy. Automation Systems Contact Us BWB Technologies supply a range of products for our customers to ensure that their flame photometer performs to the highest standards for years to come! We offer FAST delivery - call us today! Consumables Learn More BWB Technologies provide a range of services, like our unique IQ OQ PQ programme, to maintain your instrument's accuracy and ensure swift repair, in the event of a failure. Click below for more details. Services

Application Note Measurement of Sodium and Potassium in Cheese Return to All Applications AOAC International, ‘AOAC Official Method 990.23: Sodium and Potassium in Dried Milk’, AOAC International (2008), 33.5.12. Cheese was wet ashed with a combination of acid and a high temperature oven to form a dissolvable product ready for analysis via flame photometry Procedure Thoroughly clean and rinse all glassware with deionised distilled water prior to use. It is recommended that polyethylene is used to ensure that sodium does not plate out onto glassware surfaces. If only glass is available, the sodium determination was carried out rapidly. 1.25grams of cheese was accurately weighed out on a 5-figure analytical balance and recorded for backtracking the concentration to the sample size. The sample was then added to a crucible of appropriate size and 10ml of ~30% sulphuric acid. It was ensured that the crucible was less than half full with both the sample and acid added to avoid boiling sample being spilt as it was heated. The oven was heated to 600 degrees Celsius and the crucible was weighed on the 5-figure analytical balance. The crucible was then added to the oven and left to ash over the course of 2 hours. The sample was then reweighed and placed back into the oven for 5 minutes. The crucible was then weighed again, if the weight of the crucible has not changed from the previous weight then the sample was finished with the ashing process, if it had significantly changed the process was repeated until all combustible content of the sample had been removed. The ashed sample was then dissolved in 54ml of DI water with 1ml of 10% HCl. This was then filtered through a funnel and Whatman n.5 filter paper into a 100ml polyethylene volumetric flask and made up to 100ml with DI water. A minimum of 5 standards were produced with a concentration range of 0-100mg/l potassium and sodium, to each standard 10ml of ~30% sulphuric acid was added and 1ml 10% of HCl was added. (If the sample contained a higher concentration than these standards, the sample solution was further diluted to bring the concentration under 100mg/l.) The standard was calibrated starting with the lowest concentration standard, working up the concentration gradient over the 5 standards. If calcium determination was required there will be a certain amount of phosphate interference present, to negate this effect 10ml of 1gram per litre lanthanum chloride solution was dosed into all the samples and standards. Return to All Applications

Thanks for Requesting our Product Comparison We've received your request. You will automatically receive an email from us shortly, with comparison attached. Wondering What Makes BWB Flame Photometers Unique? To offer even further accuracy the majority of instruments across our model range enable up to 10 point calibration curves to be generated per element. This results in a highly accurate method of analysis given that most elements do not have a linear emission spectra, although this is certainly the claim from other manufacturers. Advanced Calibration Hover for more Highly accurate calibration curves can be generated with up to 10 points of calibration per element. Multi-Ion and Multi-Point standards can be used to further expedite your time to analysis. Our range of instruments are all derived from our award winning and best-selling base platform, the XP model. Our five element simultaneous detection system is revolutionary, enabling you to easily calibrate and analyse all five elements at the same time without changing filters. Simultaneous Detection & Display Hover for more Our simultaneous detection and display of all 5 elements drastically speeds up the sample throughput time and prevents operators from constant recalibration procedures. 'One of our top priorities is accessibility and convenience, for all of our international clients. That is why we have a minimalist interface with intuitive controls, and no complicated buttons or dials. Our keypads and FLASH capacitive touch displays were designed by user ergonomic experts, to help us provide the smoothest user experience. Intuitive Interface Hover for more 'With thousands of instruments in use around the world, ensuring accessibility for all is important to us. The BWB range offers easy to use LCD driven user prompts to help you have the best experience with your instrument. 'The BWB range of instruments incorporate a service and oil free compressor built into the system. Our design saves valuable lab space, and removes the issues that old, noisy, leak-prone oil compressors create. This drastically reduces interference and allows a strict control of air flow and known pressures, resulting in stable flame conditions and exceptional quality of result determination. Built-In Air Compressor Hover for more 'Our systems all have a service and oil free compressor, to prevent interferences, noise and footprint. 'Our PC software, included with every instrument, supports further work with your data. The reporting feature generates CSV and PDF reports for your analysed samples and calibration curves can be downloaded from the instrument and saved for later recall. Free PC Software Hover for more 'We offer free PC software that enables the user to create CSV and PDF reports and traceability. We understand that not all labs will have the availability of propane gas ready to use, although propane does offer some of the best results for flame photometry, the instrument can be used with butane or even natural gas without modification. Gas Selection Hover for more A specially developed built in gas regulator enabling the use of Propane, LPG, Butane or Natural Gas (Methane) as standard and with no user modification required. Boasting internal storage for up to 200 results, the instrument surpasses the outdated analogue counterparts that are still prevalent in the market. You can conveniently access the results when needed or easily transfer them to your PC for further use. Internal Results Storage Hover for more Utilise the instrument as a standalone device with no PC requirement. Up to 200 results can be stored within the internal memory. BWB Flame Photometers were designed from the ground up using the newest and most innovative technology to give the user unsurpassed levels of accuracy, usability and reliability; it's able to do all this while still significantly reducing analysis times. We are always improving our products to make sure that we keep ahead of the demanding needs of elemental analysis. Continuous Development Hover for more Our Flame Photometers are designed from the ground up from experts in the field and our continuous development nature ensures that instruments remain at the cutting edge year on year. We supply absolutely everything you'll need to start using our instruments straight out of the box. Calibration standards and basic labware enables the rapid creation of calibration standards. You can be running results within an hour of unboxing. Just Add Gas Hover for more We do not believe in hidden charges and additional accessories. To start using your award winning BWB instrument, all you need to do is 'Just Add Gas!'

Protecting the Environment Making Our Blue More Green We aim to help reduce our carbon footprint one Flame Photometer at a time. That’s why we have a number of different practices in place to make sure that our products and core business structure is as environmentally friendly as possible. Our Green Goals Using LED lighting with efficient heating systems across our manufacturing facility. ​ Utilising only 'green' energy suppliers our electricity is supplied from 100% renewable sources and our natural gas consumption is 100% carbon neutral. Environmentally friendly packaging created from pre-recycled content or utilising materials that can be easily recycled across the globe. ​​ The use of paper based packaging tape to reduce our plastic consumption and allow our cardboard boxes to be easily recycled.​​ Product design considerations such as recyclability and life cycle assessments are taken into account at the development phase of our new products. PDF To view our detailed environment policy, click here (opens in new tab). BWB's Tree Planting Promise We're proud to be the first flame photometer manufacturer to plant trees for every instrument sold. We're committing to planting trees for every model of flame photometer we sell from 01 May 2021. In addition we have an ultimate goal to plant 1000 trees for every company employee by 2025. In House Recycling Scheme We have our own in house recycling scheme for factory generated waste to ensure that our employees and the company are doing all we can to help protect and preserve the environment. United Nations 17 Goals In 2005, World Leaders agreed to 17 global goals. Seven years on, we have made progress, but there is still work to be done, and the Goals are more important than ever. At BWB Technologies, we're making meeting as many of these sustainability development goals a key priority for us in our commitment to protect the environment. We have adapted our processes and products to meet the following goals: Goal 7: Affordable & Clean Energy Ensuring we use energy suppliers that produce electricity from renewable sources and carbon neutral natural gas. In addition to LED lighting used throughout the manufacturing facility and office spaces. Goal 11: Sustainable cities and communities We encourage our employees to use public or self propelled transport where safe to do so and provide secure housed facilities for the storage of pedal bikes and scooters during the working day. Goal 13: Climate action We've selected our courier and freight agents very carefully to ensure they have long term commitments to the protection of our planet. Our goods delivered through our selected courier are carbon neutral. Goal 12: Responsible consumption and production Working with waste management companies we recycle cardboard, paper, plastic and aluminium. Our outwards goods packaging is either produced from recycled content or is easily recycled. Goal 8: Decent work and economical growth We believe in apprenticeships for the training and education of young people and support those where available within the business. We continue to support local youth organisations and further education courses through our voluntary positions in the local community. Goal 15: Life on Land We're committed to fighting deforestation by funding the planting of 1000 trees for every company employee by 2025. We're also proud to be the worlds first flame photometer manufacturer planting trees for every instrument sold.

Application Note Measurement of Potassium and Sodium in Bread Return to All Applications Bread contributes about one-sixth of daily salt intake and is used to improve flavour and texture. The amount of sodium in bread can differ significantly, depending upon brand and type of grain used, ranging from 592mg/100g to 748mg/100g. The level of sodium in bread is primarily due to the amount of salt added to the dough during manufacture. The amount of potassium is determined by the type of flour and the washing and bleaching operations during cereal processing. Bread does not make a significant contribution to maximum daily requirements for potassium. Method followed for this analysis is AOAC Official Method 990.23 (refer to BWB Method number 20). Procedure All solutions are prepared using deionised distilled water. The sample was heated at 60 degrees centigrade overnight to dryness. The dried sample is then ground and homogenised in a suitable grinder. The test portion and crucible are weighed and dry ashed in an open inert vessel such as a crucible for 2 hours, then reweighed after ashing and placed back into the oven for 10 minutes. The sample was then reweighed and the process repeated until no change in weight was measured over the 10-minute span. This ensured that all of the combustible products present were removed. Transfer the dried test sample to an airtight container of a capacity of about twice the test portion size. Close the container and mix the sample thoroughly via inversion. Weigh sample to nearest 1mg, add a 1.25g portion of the sample into 50ml polypropylene beaker. Dissolve sample into approximately 20ml warm DI water while mixing. Quantitatively transfer contents to a volumetric flask and made up to volume. Alternatively, a steam bath can be used to aid dissolution. Stock solutions are then made up of potassium and sodium; it is recommended that a single point calibration is carried out prior to examination to determine a rough estimated range in which the sample will fall. Once this expected sample concentration is determined, at minimum 5 standard solutions should be produced for calibration of the instrument. After calibration the sample can then be aspirated into the flame photometer, to decrease the likelihood of random errors, multiple repeats of the same samples should be aspirated. To obtain the concentration of sodium and potassium in the sample, it should be noted that a dilution step has been performed. The result of this experimental procedure is a value of concentration when dry ashed sample is diluted in 20ml water. Preparation of Standard Graph Set the flame photometer in accordance to MultiPoint/Single Ion Calibration found on page 24 of the BWB Technologies Installation and Operation Manual, to measure potassium emission. Nebulise the working standard solutions and adjust the controls until steady zero and maximum readings are obtained. Nebulise the intermediate working standard solutions and construct a graph relating raw emission data (known as RAW in BWB the flame photometer) to concentration of all the standard solutions. Return to All Applications

Find Your Local BWB Approved Distributor Our distributors cover more than 130 countries/regions. Find your distributor below to get friendly, local support. Our International Partner Network BWB Technology are a UK-based company but wherever you are located, BWB can offer fast, efficient and advanced global support directly or through our network of certified distributors. Click on the drop-down menu below to find the the distributor in (or nearest to) your country. Select A Country Our network covers most of the globe and we're continually reviewing and adding to our list. Algeria BWB Technologies Middle East P.O. Box 27709 Engomi, 2432 Nicosia, Cyprus ​ Phone: '+357 22 666080 Email: sales@bwbme.com Alt: ​ ​ Alt: Web: www.bwbtech.com Fax: '+357 22 660355 Argentina Interlab Diagnostics Ltda ​ ​ ​ ​ Phone: '+56-2-22698583 Email: interlab@interlab.cl Alt: ​ ​ Alt: Web: www.interlab.cl Fax: ​ Armenia H&M Mayer LLC 79 Z. Sarkavag Str. Yerevan 0079 ​ Phone: '+374 93 668040 Email: h.mayerllc@gmail.com Alt: ​ ​ Alt: Web: handmayerllc.am/home_am Fax: ​ Australia Daintree Scientific ​ ​ ​ ​ Phone: '+61-3-63763335 Email: info@daintreescientific.com.au Alt: ​ ​ Alt: Web: www.daintreescientific.com.au Fax: '+61-3-63763334 Austria THG-GLOCK Instruments ​ ​ ​ ​ Phone: '+49 (0) 69 684757 Email: thg-glock@t-online.de Alt: ​ ​ Alt: Web: www.thg-glock.com Fax: '+49 (0) 683654 Bahrain BWB Technologies Middle East P.O. Box 27709 Engomi, 2432 Nicosia, Cyprus ​ Phone: '+357 22 666080 Email: sales@bwbme.com Alt: ​ ​ Alt: Web: www.bwbtech.com Fax: '+357 22 660355 Bangladesh SR Scientific Bangladesh Mohakhali Dhaka 1212 ​ Phone: '+8801778279875 Email: srsbd.sales@gmail.com Alt: ​ ​ Alt: Web: ​ Fax: ​ Belarus Avanta & K ​ ​ ​ ​ Phone: '+375 17 328 48 06 Email: info@avanta.by Alt: ​ ​ Alt: Web: www.avanta.by Fax: ​ Belgium Instrument Solutions Benelux BV ​ ​ ​ ​ Phone: '+31 88 4678 786 Email: info@instrument-solutions.com Alt: ​ ​ Alt: Web: www.instrument-solutions.com Fax: ​ Belize AGETEC S.A. San Francisco de Goicoechea, de la iglesia de ladrillo 50 mts sur, edificio a mano derecha San Jose 177-2350 Costa Rica Phone: 50688388534 Email: ogespinoza@orgoma.com Alt: ​ ​ Alt: Web: ​ Fax: ​

We're Listening Identified a solution that we can't quite satisfy today? We are always looking to make software & hardware improvements where we can, and who better to give us ideas and opinions than the people who use our products the most? The best ideas have always come from our customers. Submit your idea below or check out a few of the requests that we've had in the past and rolled out. We're always listening for new ideas. Previous Ideas Submitted "We need an instrument to analyse Sodium and Potassium in a continual flow process line operating 24/7" Your Product Idea By submitting this form you agree to our privacy policy and understand that your details will be shared with our authorised distributor for your region. Our privacy policy can be viewed here . First name Last name Email I'm a current user of: BIO BIO AV FLASH LITHIUM NUCLEAR SFP SOIL SUGAR SYNFUELS XP XP PLUS FP-PC Software Please occasionally keep me updated on BWB Technologies news. I want to leave feedback on: An existing model A new product Your product idea or improvement Country Choose a country Submit

Contact the experts today about your Flame Photometer needs and we will do our best to get back to you within 24 hours –normally we're a lot faster than that though! Contact Us Contact Details Phone Europe: USA: Middle East: +44 1787 273 451 +1 (800) 608-9870 +357 22666080 WhatsApp Chat on WhatsApp or add +44 7496867237 manually in the WhatsApp app. Registered Address 7 Galloway Centre, Newbury, Berkshire, RG14 5TL, United Kingdom Contact Form By submitting this form you agree to our privacy policy and understand that your details will be shared with our authorised distributor for your region. Our privacy policy can be viewed here . First name Last name Email Phone Company / Organisation Country Select your Country How can we help? Please occasionally keep me updated on BWB Technologies news Submit Thanks for you enquiry...we'll get back to you as fast as we can.

BWB White Paper Downloads Access our useful white papers below. The BWB white papers are available for free download at any time, after submitting a few details to us. We're always striving to expand our collection of white papers so please check back frequently to see the new material that we've produced. Available Downloads 10 Questions to Answer Before Buying a New Flame Photometer 10 fundamental questions that you want answered when buying a Flame Photometer Top tips to check out when selecting a new Flame Photometer Top tips to look out for to overcome the sales pitch and ensure you're getting value for money Go To Download Page The BWB Guide to Flame Photometry Principles of Flame Photometry Flame Photometer Operating Data Preparing For Analysis Making a Measurement Applications Methods Go To Download Page

Thanks for Registering your Warranty We've received your submission and will review it shortly. We'll get back to you shortly, but please be aware that it might not be immediate, depending on your location and our availability. We prioritise these requests though so we will be as quick as possible. The Common Key Features of Our Flame Photometers To offer even further accuracy the majority of instruments across our model range enable up to 10 point calibration curves to be generated per element. This results in a highly accurate method of analysis given that most elements do not have a linear emission spectra, although this is certainly the claim from other manufacturers. Advanced Calibration Hover for more Highly accurate calibration curves can be generated with up to 10 points of calibration per element. Multi-Ion and Multi-Point standards can be used to further expedite your time to analysis. Our range of instruments are all derived from our award winning and best-selling base platform, the XP model. Our five element simultaneous detection system is revolutionary, enabling you to easily calibrate and analyse all five elements at the same time without changing filters. Simultaneous Detection & Display Hover for more Our simultaneous detection and display of all 5 elements drastically speeds up the sample throughput time and prevents operators from constant recalibration procedures. 'One of our top priorities is accessibility and convenience, for all of our international clients. That is why we have a minimalist interface with intuitive controls, and no complicated buttons or dials. Our keypads and FLASH capacitive touch displays were designed by user ergonomic experts, to help us provide the smoothest user experience. Intuitive Interface Hover for more 'With thousands of instruments in use around the world, ensuring accessibility for all is important to us. The BWB range offers easy to use LCD driven user prompts to help you have the best experience with your instrument. 'The BWB range of instruments incorporate a service and oil free compressor built into the system. Our design saves valuable lab space, and removes the issues that old, noisy, leak-prone oil compressors create. This drastically reduces interference and allows a strict control of air flow and known pressures, resulting in stable flame conditions and exceptional quality of result determination. Built-In Air Compressor Hover for more 'Our systems all have a service and oil free compressor, to prevent interferences, noise and footprint. 'Our PC software, included with every instrument, supports further work with your data. The reporting feature generates CSV and PDF reports for your analysed samples and calibration curves can be downloaded from the instrument and saved for later recall. Free PC Software Hover for more 'We offer free PC software that enables the user to create CSV and PDF reports and traceability. We understand that not all labs will have the availability of propane gas ready to use, although propane does offer some of the best results for flame photometry, the instrument can be used with butane or even natural gas without modification. Gas Selection Hover for more A specially developed built in gas regulator enabling the use of Propane, LPG, Butane or Natural Gas (Methane) as standard and with no user modification required. Boasting internal storage for up to 200 results, the instrument surpasses the outdated analogue counterparts that are still prevalent in the market. You can conveniently access the results when needed or easily transfer them to your PC for further use. Internal Results Storage Hover for more Utilise the instrument as a standalone device with no PC requirement. Up to 200 results can be stored within the internal memory. BWB Flame Photometers were designed from the ground up using the newest and most innovative technology to give the user unsurpassed levels of accuracy, usability and reliability; it's able to do all this while still significantly reducing analysis times. We are always improving our products to make sure that we keep ahead of the demanding needs of elemental analysis. Continuous Development Hover for more Our Flame Photometers are designed from the ground up from experts in the field and our continuous development nature ensures that instruments remain at the cutting edge year on year. We supply absolutely everything you'll need to start using our instruments straight out of the box. Calibration standards and basic labware enables the rapid creation of calibration standards. You can be running results within an hour of unboxing. Just Add Gas Hover for more We do not believe in hidden charges and additional accessories. To start using your award winning BWB instrument, all you need to do is 'Just Add Gas!'

BWB Technologies Ltd Legal & Policies Feel free to download the documents below. Each document will open as a PDF Document Library * PDF opens in new browser tab PDF Download Environmental Policy * PDF opens in new browser tab PDF Download Cookie Policy * PDF opens in new browser tab PDF Download Privacy Policy * PDF opens in new browser tab PDF Download Subject Access Request Form * PDF opens in new browser tab PDF Download General Conditions of Sale You can contact us by using any of the following methods: +44 1787 273451 privacy@bwbtech.com BWB Technologies Ltd, Unit 7 Galloway Centre, Newbury, Berkshire, RG14 5TL, UK Getting in Touch with Us. You can contact us by using any of the following methods:

The BWB SFP Flame Photometer 6-element flame photometry. Features Specs In The Box Apps FAQs Features Specially configured to suit your needs “IRS” (Internal Reference Standard) available Our non traditional 5th “Unit of Measure” allows the true innovation of units to display and link outbound via our FP-PC coupling to the inter or intra-net Simultaneous detection and display of any combination of all 5 atoms of interest Compatible with BWB AFHS Intuitive user interface for true ease of use Display prompts step by step operation Built-in air compressor Solutions and labware included Data sharing via PC link Operator independent determination of results 4 user selectable units of measure with a fifth optional unit of measure User selectable decimal places Integrated printer uses readily available paper from any high street office supply company Correction of Ca for the interference from high levels of Na The BWB flame photometer is a game-changer in what is possible with a low temperature flame - give us a call if you're looking for a something to perform specifically for your needs. The BWB flame photometer is a game-changer in what is possible with a low temperature flame and our product development program has, since day one, been driven by our customer’s demands. We have strong mutually beneficial partnerships within many commercial and academic organisations that faced specific challenges that were addressed by a BWB Special flame photometer. Currently we are measuring Na, K, Li, Ca, Cs and Ba and combinations of these detectors allow users to engage with BWB engineers to evolve an ideal instrument that caters to their specific needs. A case in point is a global supplier of ultra high purity Lithium ingots who operates thermal steam electricity power facilities, and uses exotic filtration methods to extract, among other detected ions, lithium. Our hybridized Custom BWB Flame Photometer has allowed them to augment their costly and exotic ICP and AAS instrumentation with our simple to use and exceptionally powerful instrument. Get in touch now and see how BWB can work with you to develop a BWB Special Flame Photometer specific to your needs. Presently we have formed a Strategic Alliance with a Major Oil and Gas Company and are co-developing a hybridized FES for online assistance in an exciting break-though technology for oil and natural gas production purposes. Download Datasheet Find Your Sales Rep

The BWB Flash Flame Photometer Our newest flame photometry platform Features Specs In The Box Apps FAQs Features Large 5" touch screen display compatible with the majority of disposable laboratory gloves True ease of use with large buttons and simple to understand text and symbols Built-in air compressor and gas regulator Calibration standards supplied as standard in 10,000ppm concentrations Auto-read technology enables operator independent determination of results User selectable decimal places IQ, OQ, PQ web-based certification available: IQ OQ PQ is completely unique to the analytical instrumentation arena. Available in English, Russian, German, Mandarin, French and Spanish. More languages in development. Complete set of basic labware included to get you started Finally, a flame photometer specific to your needs. The first simultaneous flame photometer with built in compressor and configurable element analysis to your requirements. The BWB Flash is the first and only fully configurable, up to four channel flame photometer that detects and displays all calibrated ions at the same time. The BWB Flash was created by combining the award-winning features of our XP model with new, innovative, and cutting-edge technology to provide unrivalled levels of accuracy, usability, and reliability while significantly reducing analysis time. When a different measurement is required, our customers do not need to waste valuable time changing filters and re-calibrating, as is a common requirement in all other Flame Photometer designs from 1951 to the present. Our metal casework creates a sturdy portable instrument with nearly limitless future recycling possibilities. Of course, ROHS-compliant components and materials are used throughout. The BWB Carbon Footprint is exceptionally low, in keeping with the company’s goals of being a responsible manufacturer, and we’ve succeeded in lowering the gas consumption rate by 13% while also lowering the electricity consumption (kWh) by 26% compared to previous model generations. Unlike other manufacturers who charge extra for essential accessories, BWB includes everything needed to use the product right away. Simply add Gas!! (Propane, LPG, or butane) We also include data sharing via USB from the BWB Flash to your PC as standard. This connects the BWB Flame Emission Spectrometer (FES) output to the Internet or your company intranet systems, allowing for Distributed Control, which is critical for multinational corporations, universities, and government agencies. The BWB Flash is available in 7 different models with a variety of different detection capabilities. This table details each of the models: Model Ions Detected FL-C Ca FL-K K FL-L Li FL-N Na FL-2 Na & K FL-3 Na, K & Li FL-4 Na, K, LI & Ca Download Datasheet Find Your Sales Rep